SYNOPSIS
Better understanding of the dentin-pulp complex is now leading to treatment modalities aimed at tooth regeneration, such as pulp capping, in clinical settings. However, the control of infection and biocompatibility of pulp-capping materials are important factors in determining treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was investigated the effects of CaCO3 on calcified nodule formation, ALP activity, cell viability and BMP-2 and OCN expression after 30-day culture of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). The results showed that the number of calcium nodules, ALP activity, cell viability and BMP-2 and OCN expression increased in a CaCO3-dependent manner. PCR data also confirmed that Smad1 mRNA expression in hDPCs increased in a CaCO3 dose-dependent manner. This suggests that CaCO3 is able to induce in vitro cell differentiation of hDPCs into cells capable of mineralization. Thus, treatment of exposed pulp with CaCO3 is effective for dentinogenesis.
Key words: dental pulp, calcium carbonate, cell differentiation, pulp capping agent, dental pulp calcification